Second Law: Kelvin-Planck & Clausius Statements
1 / 10
The Second Law’s Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements both imply:
Explanation: Both statements define the natural direction of processes, like heat rejection in engines or work needed for heat pumps.
2 / 10
Which process is impossible per the Clausius statement?
Explanation: The Clausius statement prohibits spontaneous heat flow from a colder to a hotter body without work input.
3 / 10
 The Kelvin-Planck statement applies to:
Explanation: The Kelvin-Planck statement specifically addresses heat engines, requiring heat rejection to a cold reservoir.
4 / 10
The Clausius statement is demonstrated by:
Explanation: A refrigerator moves heat from cold to hot using work, aligning with the Clausius statement’s requirement for external work.
5 / 10
A device producing work from a single heat reservoir violates:
Explanation: The Kelvin-Planck statement forbids a device from converting all heat from one reservoir into work without heat rejection.
6 / 10
The Second Law addresses which limitation of the First Law?
Explanation: The Second Law, via Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements, specifies the direction of heat and work processes.
7 / 10
According to the Clausius statement, a refrigerator requires:
Explanation: A refrigerator needs work to move heat from a cold space to a hotter environment, per the Clausius statement.
8 / 10
A heat engine violating the Kelvin-Planck statement would:
Explanation: The Kelvin-Planck statement prohibits an engine from turning all heat into work without rejecting some to a cold reservoir.
9 / 10
The Clausius statement implies that heat cannot flow from:
Explanation: Heat cannot spontaneously move from a colder to a hotter body unless external work is applied, like in a refrigerator.
10 / 10
The Kelvin-Planck statement of the Second Law states that:
Explanation: No engine can convert all heat from a reservoir into work; some heat must be rejected to a colder reservoir.
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